Differential Triggering of the Phenylpropanoid Biosynthetic Pathway Key Genes Transcription upon Cold Stress and Viral Infection in Tomato Leaves

Plants develop a plethora of defense strategies during their acclimation and interactions with various environmental stresses. Secondary metabolites play pivotal role in the processes stress acclimation, therefore deciphering relevant responses exchange interpretation underlying molecular mechanisms that may contribute to improved adaptability efficacy. In current study, tomato plants were exposed short-term cold (5 °C for 16 h) or inoculated (20 d) either Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV) Potato Y (PVY). Responses recorded via assessments leaf total phenolic (TP) content, flavonoid (TF) levels, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) enzyme activity. The transcription gene families regulating core phenylpropanoid biosynthetic pathway (PBP) at an early (PAL, cinnamic acid 4-hydroxylase, 4-coumarate-CoA ligase) late (chalcone synthase flavonol synthase) stage was also evaluated. results showed stimulated increase TP TF contents, while PAL activity elevated compared viral infection. Besides genes enzymes involved PBP mostly induced by stress, whereas biosynthesis mainly triggered conclusion, abiotic biotic stressors differential regulation metabolism. Taking above into consideration, our highlight complexity diverse stimuli allowing better elucidation tolerance this crop.